Joiner shingle



Nov; 8, 1938.

JOINER SHINGLE Filed arch 25, 1936 Fil. 5

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.w O V.. mw GmV Vr. Wawy B Patented Nov. a, 193s 2,135,811

UNITED STATES PATENT .OFFICE .roman sumen:

:A G. Goslin, Battle Creek, Mich., assigner to Sherrill-Godin Co., Battle creehlliich., a corporation oi' Michigan Application March 25, 1936, Serial No. 70,726

12 Claims. (Cl. 1088) y My present invention relates broadly to covare laid. All three of theseprocedures obviously erings for surfaces such as the roofs and side are time consuming and expensivewalls of buildings, In its speeie phase my in- The common form of asbestos siding shingles, vention relates to a joiner shingle which is prefdescribed ebcveare punched with holes arranged erably 0f a rigid er semiq-gid construction Aalong the upper edge for nailing under the hori- 5 zontal lap formed by the overlapping of the art of m course above. Another row of holes is punched D y co pending patent application Serial neer the bottom edge of the shingle just above No. 48,169, lled Nov. ,4, 1935.

In the past many forms oi surface coverings :lhluppe fdiof the lfoggll slfnglnurse g have appeared on the market and have become a suse n srow o s o g 10 Wide] k of the shingle down, are exposed to the weather,

y Down and used' The mosv commonly which I have found tends to cause the nails to known materials fau in the rigid 0I' seemigradually draw andthe smngles to become loose rigid STOMP 0f this Class, Outside 0f WOOd Shingles, and rattle. Special nails must also be used, since 4 are those that een be gl'OuDed under the headotherwise they will corrode and cause discolora- 15 ings of slate, tile, and asbestos shingles. The lattion streaks to appear below each nail. At the ter, particularly, has been made up in many present plated nails are used for this purpose, but different forms for roof use,l and perhaps even they are none too good, as it is well known tWO 0f the commonest forms of same are that plating wears oil? in a relatively short time those known as the dia-mond pattern shingle end iii feet may be damaged dile t10 the driving 20 and the dutch-lap shingle. Both of these of the nails T0 reduce t0 a minimum the 00rshingles require the use of a Storm nail te Serosiou of the nails with resultant discoloration cure the lower exposed comer ef the shingle streaking of the shingles, plated nails have been against warping and blowing up, The use of a made with abronze shank and head. When constorm nail requires the shingle to be punched for sldel'lng the number cf exposed nells sed per 25 it, the head of the nail inserted under the abutshingle oder the common prectlce et'lhls lllmef ting edges of two adjacent shingles, the laying lc et once becomes cbvlcllstlls's the use of Plated of the top shingle so that the hole punched in its bronze llells ls e relatively expellslve Proceduretype of lower corner receives the prolectin end of the My present lnvelltloll lnvolves a new 30 storm nai] and lastly the bendinggover of the surface covering elemlelnt, ilzaeferabl in rigid gr 30 semi-rigid form, as we as eproce ureo ma storm nail to hold down the lower corner of the mg same, which obviates many of the dimculties top shingle.

' encountered in connection with the present day Attempts have been made with more or less surface c0vermgs- Y success to use slate, tile, and asbestos shingles Accordingl among the objects of the present for siding moldings' one common form of the invention is ythe provision of a structure that asoestos slllllgles used for this purpose is about eliminates the use of storm nails, and the punchtWlce es long as lt ls Wldeg and Wllell lalo lll over' ing necessary in connection therewith. Another lapping courses, the vertical edge of one shingle object is te eliminate the necessity of placing a The present application is a continuation-inadjacent shingle in the same course without any Shingles laid edge te edge in the form 0f siding.

overlap. 'I'his type of construction is subject to p A further object is to provide a simple, vertical leakage at the points where the shingles butt up lap at the 51de joints of shingles used in the form against each other. To avoid this leakage it has of siding A further object is to eliminate the been proposed in U. S. Patent No. 1,358,863 to necessity of using exposed naihng on the siding punch the shingles along their vertical abutting Shingles. A further object is to provide a joiner edges, and then lay a course of shingles over the shingle which may be provided with one exjoint in manner such that the punched holes can posed nail near its butt edge. A further object be utilized for nailing the superimposed shingles 1S to provide a joiner shingle which has ne exin Plaee- The more 1011111101113 used form 0f mekposed nails, but is provided with an interlocking 50 ing these .iOintS Water resistant, however, is t0 means whereby the time consumed in laying same rst cover the surface to be sided, with a wateris materially reduced. A still further object is to PiOOf material Such eS Single ply IOll roofing, 0r provide an' assembly that is neat in appearance, else to place a waterproof strip of such material easy. to lay, and wherein the joiner shingle acts under each joint of the siding shingles as they to supplement the regular shingles so 'that a 55 butts up against the verticaledge of the next waterproof strip under the vertical' 'joints of 40 smaller number of the latter will suffice to cover a given sire area. Other objects and advantages will appear as the description proceeds.

To the accomplishment of the foregoing and related ends, the invention, then, consists of the articles and construction hereinafter fully described and particularly pointed out in the claims, the annexeddrawing, and the following description setting forth in detail several modes of carrying out the invention, such disclosed modes illustrating, however, but' several of the various ways in which the principle of the invention may be used. Y

In the said annexed drawing:-

Fig. 1 shows one form of my joiner shingle; Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of the joiner shingle taken along line 2-2 of Fig. 1', Fig. 3 shows another form of my joiner shingle; Fig. 4 illustrates in diagrammatic manner the use of one form of my joiner shingle; and Fig. 5 illustrates in like manner the use of another form of l my joiner shingle.

, same advantages, but is cheaper to construct by virtue of using one exposed nail in piace of the interlocking means. By joiner shingle I mean a shingle adapted to join other shingles or surface covering elements together, where the shingles or the liketo be joined, or at leastv part of them, vary in shape, size, or some other characteristic from thejoiner shingle itself.

Referring more particularly to the drawing,`

Fig. l illustratesone form of my joiner shingle.

This joiner shingle i is provided with a beveled upper edge 2, and has on its under face near the butt edge thereof a projecting rib 3 having an under-cut face l adapted to engage with the beveled upper edge 2 of a like adjacent joiner shingle in the next lower course, as is shown in Fig. 4. This projecting rib 3 is preferably of a length that is approximately the same as, or narrower than the width of the top edge of the shingle between the notches, and preferably so centered on the shingle that it will satisfactorily engage with the beveled top edge of the next lower adjacent joiner shingle. Holes 5 are provided near the beveled upper edge 2 of the joiner shingle whereby the same may be fastened by suitable-nails or the like to the surface being covered. 'I'he size of the joiner shingle will depend largely upon the size of the shingles to be joined. Where such shingles are twelve inches high and twenty-four inches long, I prefer to use a joiner shingle that is twelve and a half inches high and twelve inches wide though the invention is not limited to a shingle of such specific size. 'Ihe extra one half inch in height will provide sufficient overlap at the bottom of the joiner shingle to satisfactorily eliminate leakage when used on a vertical surface, though agreater overlap may be required when used on a lower pitch surface. The use of joiner shingles with the recesses which produce an open upper corner prole adapted to receive the full size lower adjacent corners of the next higher course of siding shingles, whlleextending below the bottom of the siding shingles in the course being joined, and overlapping the next lower adjacent joiner shingle, provides covered horizontal joints under the joiner shingles and at, the same time eliminates all exposed open vertical butted joints. The two upper corners of the joiner shingle are notched out, so as to permit the lower corners of the next higher course of shingles that are to be joined,'to slip into these notched out corners. The size that the notches are to be made depends upon how much of a maximum overlap of the side edges of the shingles for waterproofing purposes is desired, as well as the amount of overlap of one joiner shingle over the other. I *have found that a notch which is one and a half inches wide4 and one and a half inches deep will satisfy most requirements and give a good side lap over the shingles to be joined. Where this size notch is used on an eleven inch width joiner shingle, or if a twelve inch joiner shingle is used and the notches made two inches wide, then when laid on a surface having sixteen inch center spaced studding, the shingles as well as the joiner shingles may be laid so 4that their centers fall on the center of the studding members. thus permitting effective use of long nails at the center of the shingles and joiner shingles. The size of the notch, however, may be varied at will to suit the particular conditions at hand, and as the pitch of the surface to be covered decreases, in general the notches should be enlarged so as to provide a greater overlap, which will counteract the tendency of water to creep orkflow under the shingle. 'I'he shape of the notches may also vary so as to nt the particular shingles to be joined, the bottom of the notch may for instance be fiat, V- shaped, S-shaped or the like, and the notch may also as the case requires, be square, rectangular, triangular, or the like, and the notch on one side of the joiner shingle may be deeper than the other so as to better fit shingles that have an irregular bottom edge. In some cases it may be desirable to under-cut the under face of the shingle at the laps in order to prevent capillary ow of water thereunder. In other words the -diiiiculties encountered due to the drawing of exposed nails, and leakage at the vertical joints of shingles butted together as hereinbefore described, but without waterproof stripping, canv be easily overcome through the use of a joiner shingle as is shown in Figures 1 and 2, the latter of which shows the arrangement of the bevels.

The notches in the top of the shingle may be formed in various ways, either by hand or automatically by machine. The shingle may be cut, foriied, .or molded initially with the holes and no hed out corners at the desired places, or in case of asbestos shingles that are first pressed and cured, and then later trimmed to size. the shingle at the time of trimming, if desired, can have its corners notched out and the desired holes punched, thus producing the completed joiner shingle.

punching for the vertical rows of holes may be eliminated, the nailing of the upper joiner shingle along its upper edge acts to lock the whole y shingle structure in place without the necessity leakage.

f While I have shown in my drawing, a projecting rib 3 with an under-cut face 4, and an interlocking upper beveled edge 2 having an angle of 45, such is not the only angle that can be used since obviously various angles are applicable, so long as a locking joint is obtained. Moreover, instead of a beveled joint, I contemplate as within the scope `of my invention the use of other equivaient joints, such as a rib in the form of a channel like trough which may be of metal or other rigid or senil-,rigid material, thus permitting the elimination of beveling the edge of the shingle orsiding that is to mesh therewith. The projectingrib may be made of various materials, such as metal, wood, fibre, asbestos-concrete, or the like. I prefer, however, to use the same kind of material that is usedin the shingle itself, since the contraction and expansion in such case will co` incide with that of the shingle. The projecting rib, moreover, may be made as an integral part of the shingle, or may be fastened thereon in conventional manner as, for instance, by the use of embedded rivets, or gluing or cementing same in place with awater-insoluble material.

Where it is desired to take advantage of my joiner shingle with its notched out corners, and nail holes 5 along its upper edge, but the interlocking is not desired, then the form shown in Fig, 3 may be resorted to. In the place of the interlocking means is used holes l and Il. These twoholes are so located that when the siding shingle is laid with joiner shingles in place hole l0 of one joiner shingle will come directly under hole Il of the next higher joiner shingle. 'Ihis type of joiner shingle thus permits the siding shingles to be laid without exposed nails, and the joiner' shingle to be laid with but one exposed nail. Hole Il is preferably made of such a size that it is approximately the same size or just slightly larger than the shank of the holding means orv nail to be driven through it. HoleA l0 on the other hand I prefer to make slightly larger than hole Il to facilitate lining up the two holes when the nail is to be driven. In order to waterproof the hole I Il to prevent leakage through it from hole I I above I prefer to fill the hole with4 pitch, melted asphalt, mastic, putty, flashing compound, a rubber bushing, or any other suitable material having long life waterproofing characteristics. It is not intended to limit the invention to those particular waterproofing materials named, but rather any means for waterproofing this joint-is contemplated, even to the use of a thin sheet of rubber or corrosion resistant relatively soft metal between the two joiner shingles with the nail or other means passlng therethrough to hold the butt of the top joiner shingle in place. Fig. 5 shows an assembly of shingles utilizingthe joiner shingle shown in Fig. 3, hole I0 of the upper joiner shingle being shown lled with waterproofing material l 2 as described above.

Other modes and means of applying the principle of my invention may be employed instead of those explained, change being made as regards the article and construction herein disclosed, provided the means and modes stated by any of the following claims ory the equivalent of such stated means and modes be employed.

I therefore particularly point out and distinctly claim as my invention:

1. A joiner shingle which is adapted to be laid with its upper edge-approximately in line with the upper edge of the adjacent shingles of different type to be joined in the same course while overlapping the adjacent side edges thereof, and at the .same time adapted to extend below the lower edges of` said adjacent shingles of dierent type and to overlap the upper end of the adjacent like joiner shingle of the next lower course to eliminate exposed open vertical butted joints and provide a covered horizontal joint, said joiner shingle having its upper corners cut away to provide a substantially rectangular open corner proflle with the bottom of said cut away portion substantially perpendicular to the vertical center line of the shingle so that the full size substantially square cut lower' adjacent corner of each of said adjacent shingles of dierent type oi' the next higher course will t thereinto, said joiner shingle being provided on its upper edge between the cut away corners with openings adapted for use in fastening same to a suitable surface, and also with means at its upper and lower edges to facilitate anchoring one `joiner shingle to another when they are laid in courses, one above the other.

2. A covering for a wall or roof consisting of a plurality of elements secured Ato the surface to be covered, and disposed in a downwardly overlapping relation, said elements comprising substantially rectangular square cornered shingles laid in courses and joined together at their side edges by means of joiner shingles having completely notched-out upper corners in manner producing a substantially rectangular open upper corner profile adapted to receive the full size lower corners of the shingles of the next higher course to be joined, said joiner shingles-being of such a size that each extends below the bottom edges of the shingles in the course it joins, overlaps the top of the next lower joiner shingle and at the same time overlaps the side edges of the adjacent shingles in the same course to provide substantially water-tight joints, and means. for fastening the shingles andjoiner shingles to the surface being covered.

3. In a covering for a surface, the employment of substantially rectangular square cornered shingles laid in substantially spaced rows, the bottom of one overlapping the top of the next lower adjacent shingle in the row, each of said shingles being nailed in place across the top at a point which will be covered by the overlap of the next higher shingle; in combination with joiner shingles disposed in rows alternating with said shingles, for covering the spaces therebetween and completing the courses thereof, each joiner shinreceptacles on the upper end of said joiner shingle between said recesses adapted to receive av suitable water-tight means for fastening same to the surface being covered, andmeans at the top and bottom of said joiner shingle adapted for use in gles disposed in rows alternating with said shingles, for covering the spaces therebetween andl completing the courses thereof, each joiner shingie having its upper corners recessed so as to produce a substantially rectangular open upper corner profile adapted to receive the full size lower adjacent corners of the next higher course of shingles and permit said joiner shingle to overlap the side edges of the shingles in the same course, said joiner shingle extending below the bottom line of the shingles in the' same course so as to provide a covered horizontal joint with the next lower joiner shingle and at the same time to eliminate exposed openfvertical butted joints, receptacles on the upper end of said joiner shingle between said recesses adapted to receive a suitable means for fastening same to the surface being covered, and an opening at the top, and one in alignment therewith at the bottom of saidv joiner shingle so that when said joiner shingles are laid one above another in courses, the hole in the bottom of one will coincide with the aligned hole in top of the next adjacent lower joiner shingle.

5. A joiner shingle which is adapted to be laid with its upper edge approximately in line with the upper edge of the adjacent shingles of different type to be joined in the same course while overlapping the adjacent side edges thereof, and at the same time adapted to extend below the lower edges of said adjacent shingles of different type and to overlap the upper end of the adjacent like joiner shingle of the next lower course to eliminate exp'osed open vertical butted joints and provide a covered horizontal joint, said joiner shingle having its upper corners cut away to provide a substantially rectangular open corner proille with the bottom of said cut away portion substantially perpendicular to the vertical center line of the shingle so that the full size substantially square cut lower adjacent corner of each of said adjacent shingles of different type of the next higher course will fit thereinto, said joiner shingle being provided on its upper edge between the cut away corners with openings adapted for use in fastening same to a suitable surface, and also with an opening at the top and one at the bottom thereof in alignment so that when laid in courses the hole in the bottom of one joiner shingle will coincide with the hole in the top of the next adjacent lower joiner shingle.

6. A joiner shingle which is adapted to be laid `with its upper edge approximately in line with the upper edge of the adjacent shingles of different type to be joined in the same course while overlapping the adjacent side edges'thereof, and at the same time adapted to extend below the lower edges of said adjacent shingles of different type and to overlap the upper end of the adjacent like joiner shingle of the next lower courseto elim- Yinate exposed open vertical butted joints and provide a covered horizontal joint, said joiner shingle having its upper corners cut away to Iprovide a substantiallymectangular open corner profile with the bottom of said cut away portion substantially perpendicular to. the vertical center line of the shingle so that the full size substantially square cut lower adjacent corner of each of said adjacent shingles of different type of the next higher course will t thereinto, said joiner shingle being provided on its upper edge between the cut away corners with openings adapted for use in fastening same to a suitable surface, and also with an opening in the top and one at the bottom thereof in alignment so that when laid in courses the hole in the bottom of one joiner shingle will coincide with the hole in the top of the next adjacent lower joiner shingle, and a means in connection with said aligned opening in the top of the joiner shingle for making same watertight.

'1. A rigid or semi-rigid flat and beadless joiner shingle that has its two upper corners suitably notched out to produce an open upper corner profile, .and which has suitable holes formed adjacent its upper edge between the notches as well as one adjacent the bottomeof the shingle, the bottom hole being in alignment with one of the top holes so that when the shingles are laid in a rsingle shingle width row and in prescribed overlapping manner one above the other the two holes will coincide to permit a nail or the like to be driven therethrough to fasten the butt of the joiner shingle in place, the coinciding hole in theA joiner shingle top being substantially larger than the bottom hole and filled with a plastic waterproong material.

8. In siding for building walls or the like, the employment of substantially rectangularly siding shingles laid in substantially spaced rows, the bottom of one overlapping the top of the next lower adjacent shingle in the row, each of said siding shingles being nailed in place along its side edges and also across the top at a point which will be covered by the overlap of the next higher siding shingle; in combination with joiner shingles disposed in rows alternating with said siding shingles, for covering the spaces therebetween and completing the courses thereof, each joiner shingle having its upper comers recessed so as to produce an open upper corner profile adapted to receive the full size lower adjacent corners of the next higher course of siding shingles and permit said `joiner shingle to overlap the side edges of the siding shingles in the same course and cover the nails in the edges thereof, said joiner shingle -extending below. the bottom line of the siding shingles in the same course so as to provide a covered horizontal joint with the next lower joiner shingle, and at the same time to eliminate exposed open vertical butted joints, receptacles on the upper end of said joiner shingle between said recesses, and under the overlap of 'the next higher joiner shingle, adapted to receive a means for fastening same to the surface being covered, separate aligned holes in the top and bottom of said joiner shingle adapted to coincide with like aligned holes in the adjacent joiner shingles when laid in courses and permit the anchoring of the bottom of the joiner shingle in place, the aligned hole in the top of the joiner shingle being substantially larger than the hole in the bottom of the joiner shingle and lled with a plastic waterproofing material. j

9. A joiner shingle which is adapted t be laid with its upper edge approximately in line with v the upper edge ofthe adjacent shingles of differshingle having its upper corners cut away to provide asubstantially rectangular open corner provfile with the` bottom of said cut away portion substantially perpendicular to the vertical center line of the shingle so that the full size substantially square cut lower adjacent corner of each of said adjacent shingles of different type of the next higher course will t thereinto, said joiner shingle being provided on its upper edge between the cut away corners with openings adapted for use in fastening same to a suitable surface, and a projecting rib-like means, with an overhung portion, mounted on the under side of the joiner shingle at a point adjacent the butt thereof, the upper edge of said joiner shingle between said cut away portions being adapted to engage and lock with the projecting rib-like means on the like next higher joiner. shingle when they are laid in courses, one above the other, said rib-like means being of `a width asa maximum equal to the space between the'shingles of diierent type to be joined.

10. A joiner shingle which is adapted to'be laid with its upper edge approximately in line with the upper edge of the adjacent shingles of diierent type to be joined in the same course while overlapping the adjacent side edges thereof, and at the vsame time adapted to 'extend below the lower edges of said adjacent shingles of different type and to overlap'the upper end of the adjacent like joiner shingle of the next `lower course to eliminate exposed open vertical butted joints and provide a covered horizontal joint,1said joiner shingle having its upper corners cut away to provide a substantially rectangular open corner profile with the bottom of said cut away portion substantially perpendicular to the vertical center line of the shingle so that the full size substantially square cut lower adjacent corner of each of said adjacent shingles of different type of the next higher course will lit thereinto, said joiner shingle being provided on its upper edge between the cut away corners with openings adapted for use in fastening same to a suitable surface, and projecting rib-like means mounted on the under side of the joiner shingle at a point adjacent to but spaced from the butt thereof, said rib-like means being of a thickness approximately the same as that of the adjacent shingles of diierent type `to be joined and having a beveled undercut edge portion forming a socket at the edge thereof adjacent the butt of said joiner shingle, the upper p .5 11. A covering for a wall or root consisting of a plurality ofelements secured to the surface to be covered, and disposed in a downwardly overlapping relation, said elements comprising substantially rectangular Asquare cornered shingles laid in courses and joined together at their side edges by means of joiner shingles having completely notched out upper corners in manner producing a substantially rectangular open upper corner profile adapted to receive the full size lower corners of the shingles of the next higher course to be joined, said joiner shingles being of such a size that each extends below the bottom edges of the shingles in the course it joins, overlaps the top of the next lower joiner shingle and at the same time overlaps the side edges of the adjacent shingles in the same course to provide substantially water-tight joints, and a projecting riblike means with an overhung portion mounted on the under side of the joiner shingle at a point adjacent the butt thereof, the upper edge of said joiner shingle being adapted to engage and lock with the projecting rib-like means on. the next higher adjacent joiner shingle, the upper edge of said joiner shingle between said recesses beingnarrower than the body thereof, but at least as wide as said projecting rib-like means.

12. In a covering for a surface, the employment of substantially rectangular square cornered shingles laid in substantially spaced rows, the bottorn of one overlapping the top of the next lower adjacent shingle in the row, each of said shingles being nailed in place across the top of a point which will be covered by the overlap of the next higher shingle; in combination with joiner shingles disposed in rows alternating with said shingles, for covering the spaces therebetween and completing the courses thereof, each joiner shingle having its upper corners recessed so as to produce an open upper corner profile adapted to receive the full size lower adjacent substantially square corners of the next higher course of shingles and permit` said joiner shingle to overlap the side edges of the shingles in the same course, said joiner shingle extending below the bottom line of the shingles in the same course so as to provide a covered horizontal joint with the next lower joiner shingle and at the same time to eliminate exposed open vertical butted joints, receptacles on the upper end of said joiner shingle between said recesses adapted to receive a suitable means for fastening same tothe surface being covered, and a projecting rib-like means mounted on the under side .of the joiner shingle at apoint adjacent to but spaced from the butt thereof, the length of said rib-like means being as a maximum equal toI the distance between the substantially square cornered shingles to be joined in rows, said rib-like means having an overhung portion forming a socket at the edge thereof adjacent the butt of said joiner shingle, the upper edge of said joiner shingle between said recessed upper corners being formed so as to iit the socket of the rib-like means of the like next higher joiner shingle and lock therewith to hold the bottom of one joiner shingle against the top of the next lower joiner shingle when the substantially rectangular shingles and joiner shingles are laid in the prescribed manner.

` 'BERT G. GCSLIN.

CERTIFICATE oFooRREc'noN.

Patent-No. 2,155,811@` November 8, 1958,

BERT G. GosLIN.

Itis hereby certified that error appearrin the printed specification of the above nunigJered patent requiring'correction as follows.: Page914., first column; line 5, (claim 5, strike out the mrd "water-tigatfarxinsert the vsume before "means" 1n lineh, same c laimg ,second column, 'line 59,

claimB, for "rectfimgularly"l read rectangular: page 5, second column,v line 55', claim 12, for the'word "of" read atp'Y and' that the' s aid Le/tters Patent shou1dbe read'with this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office.

. signed and sealed this 51st day of January, A. D, v1959.

Henry Van Arsdale I (Seal) Acting Commissioer of Patents. 

